Metering system



Jan. 11 1927.

B. H. SMITH METERING SYSTEM Filed May '7 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet O ONllllllllllh INVENTOR [Fey's/27m /7. fm/ffi WITNESSES: fi f Meow ATTORNEYJan. 11, 1927.

B. H. SMITH METERING SYSTEM Filed May '7, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 m\ 4% RNW N m mm mm N 9 99 mm VN 0N m MMN INVENTOR Be/y'am/h fl 5/77/77?ATTORNEY f ll iiiilm 2 [8,21%

Patented Jan. 11, 1927.

BENJAMIN n. smrn, or SWISSVA ELECTRIC a MANUFACTURING- Application filedm3 1,

My invention rel and particularl terns that are a a with a plurality Theobject of LE, PENNSYLVANIA, COMPANY, a concess on or PENNSYLVANIA.-

v v =1;,s14,z1 z UNITED STATES PATENT oFFics.

ASSIGNOR TQ WESTINGHOUSE METERING SYSTEM,

ates to metering systems to remote metering syspted for use inconnection of power substations.

my invention is to provide a system that shall have means forindicating, in any substation and also at a central load (lisp load 4Another object of my vide a system that shall atchers oifice, the totalsystem invention is to prohave means for separately indicating theseveral substation loads at the dispatchers oifice.

Another object of my invention is to ac complish the foregoing resultsover a circuit between each substatlon or a single grou i s ofsubstations and the central dispatcher ofliceu Another ob videsynchronous ject of my invention isto proswltchmg devices for connectingthe respective meters of the system in circuit in order to decreasecircuits required predetermined sequence in the number of connecting Afurther object 01: my invention is to provide a. meter totaliamg systemhaving integrating means consisting of a stationary electrical networkfor totalizing the meter readings in contradistinction to the complexmechanical totalizing" heretofore employed In practicing my invention, l

r transfer devices provide a synchronous switch at each substation andat the dispatchers cities that serves to connect the respective metersin predetermined.

sequence to the connecting circuits between the substationsand saidoiticco Suitable mechanism is provided to insure that the v@orrentswitches remain in synchronism impulse generating devices aretransmit current impulses over the connectdepending open the re titresbeing ing circuits at rates spective loads or other quail anged tomeasured." The rotation of the synchronous switchesis preferably sorapid th at not more than one impulse will be generated in each of themeter circuits connected tacts thereon during one revolution:

a current-impulse 1nthe dispatchers oilice to the con tegratingarrangement comprising an in1- pulse relay and a condenser connected toaconstant source of The relay 1s charge the condenser at a rate d uponthe magnitude of the quant potential is provided. arranged to char e anddis epending ty being 1924. Serial No 711,549"

condenser current is measured directly by a standard meter of. the interating or graphic type.

In or or to totahze the substation loads of the entire system, oneimpulse relay with an associated condenser at the'dis atchers oflice isconnected in series with al of the other individual load relays Thisrelay and condenser actuate a totalizing meter in accordance with thetotal load The totalizing'meter is arranged to transmit current impulsesback over the control circuits to operate totalizing meters at therespective substations. .4

For a more complete understanding of the details of my inventionreference may be had to the accompanying drawings, WilGPSlH- Figure. lis diagrammatic view of the apparatus at two sol'ist'ation.s and Fig. 2is a'similar view of the apparatus at a central load clispatcliersofiiice.

Referring to l, the left-hand side of the drawing represents themetering equip ment at substationA and the right-hand side of thedrawing represents similar equipment at a second substation B: Thesesubstations may be, for example two substations in a power distributionsystem for altering the voltageor frequency of the snpply for a local Atwowrire control trimlr. i connects the substation A with the meteringapparatusat the dispachers oiiicer 2) and simicontrol iilftli'llti E25connects the culmination to the some metering aooaratos At substation Adevice is provided that s adapted to generate cor-rent impulses at ratedependin upon. the magnitod'e of the qoant-itybeingmeasm This current-.iinpulse device is connected intermittent intervals to the control. t.through switch contacts at; current-impulse generati with the imeasured, and the ad at attestation is connected at 'difi erent times tot e controi trunk 2 and, in thisvv ay the too -cations or any meas uredotter ities at. the several substations are tron nitteol withoutinterterence to the dispatclier s' device operated in accordance shownin my prior rotating shaft of the meter 3 is provided with a commutatorat adapted to close the primary circuit of a transformer 5. A relay 6 isconnected in series with the secondary of the transformer 5 and isoperated intermittently at a. rate depending upon the operation of themeter 3. When the relay 6 is operated, a locking circuit is closedthrough its lower armature and front contact and the armature and backcontact of relay 7. Therefore, relay 6, when operated, remains energizeduntil relay 7 operates.

At its upper armature and front contact, relay 6 closes a circuit whichincludes a contact of a continuously rotating switch 8 that is driven bya synchronous motor 9. A friction clutch 10 is interposed between themotor 9 and the switch 8 to permit the rotation of the switch to bestopped when desired. A cam 11 is secured to the rotating switch memberand co-operates with a latch 12 that is so controlled by a latch magnet13 that, if thelatch magnet is energized, the operation of the switch 8is stopped with the movable switch arm in engagement with the uppermostcontact.

Assuming that the switch 8 has reached the position shown in Fig. 1 andrelay .6 is energized, a circuit is closed from battery it (Fig. 2)through one conductor of the control trunk 1, the winding of the relay7, the upper armature and front contact of relay 6, the switch 8, thesecond conductor of the trunk 1, an inductance coil 15, a switch 16 atthe control office operated in synchronism with the switch 8, thewinding of relay 1'? and the winding of relay 18. Relays 7, 17 and 18are energized in series, relay 7 opening the locking circuit of relay 6,whereupon the latter becomes de-energized and remains tie-energizeduntil it is again energized by the meter 3. The operation of relay 17closes a circuit from battery through the upper armature and frontcontact of the relay, the condenser 19, the lower armature and frontcontact of relay 17, the winding of a direct-current integratingampere-hour meter 20 and the winding of a graphic meter 21.

The ampere-hour meter 20 may be of the usual direct-current motor-driventype com prising a rotatablearmature 22, a field 23 and a register 24:for recording the integrated load. This meter is calibrated by suitableadjustment and by fixing the capacity of the condenser 19 to correspondto the meter 3, so that the integrated load measured by the meter 3 isrecorded upon the register 24.

The graphic meter usual Kelvin balance 21 may be of the type, similar tothat Patent No. 1,194,08, 1916, and comprises movthe field of thepermatorque of the movable dated August 8, able windings 25 in nentmagnet 26, the

responding to relay T member being balanced by a resilient connectiontothe motor driven pointer 27 in the usual manner. K

This m ter is suitably calibrated to re.- cord the instantaneousfluctuations of the load. On account of the time elapsing betweensuccessive impulses, which may be several seconds at low loads, themeter 21 is somewhat retarded inits response to changes of load. It ispossible to obtain this result because of the large inertia of themoving parts and the small forces involved. The retardation of the meter21 is an advantage in this case because it renders the graphic recordmore legible, and the average maximum and minimum values are accuratelymeasured.

At substation B, two watthour meters 28 and 29 are providedcorresponding to the meter 3 at substation A. These meters may beconnected to measure the load in any two circuits. A. rotating switch36, similar to the switches 8 and 16, is also provided at the substationB and is driven synchronously with the switches 8 and 16. The movableswitch member of the switch 30 is provided with latching mechanism 31similar to that shown in connection with switches 8 and 16. A. lockingrelay 32, cor

responding to relay 6, is arranged to store up the load indications ofthe meter 28. The relay 32 is unlocked by a relay 33 corand controlledover the trunk circuit 2. Relays 34 and are provided in connection withthe meter 29 and correspond in function to the relays 32 and 33.

It will be apparent that, as the, switch 36 engages successive contacts,it will transmit impulses over the trunk corresponding to the loadrecorded by the meters 28 and 29.

Since these meter readings are transmitted successively, obviously, themeters 28 and 29 might be located in two separate substations, in whichcase, both substations would be connected to the dispatchers olfice,(Fig. 2) by the single control trunk 2. The meters 28 and 29 may also beutilized in a single substation totransmit two separate loads such asthe 25-cycle load and the -cycle load where the substation suppliesdistribution systems with different frequencies.

From the foregoingdescription of the operation of substation A, it willbe apparent that the energization of relay 32 the energization of relay36 (Fig. 2) through a circuit including the switches 30 will cause ill)and 16. Relay 18 will also be energized in are so calibrated as to beactuated in ac- I cordance with the meter 28 or the load at substationB. Meters similar to 38 and 39 (not shown) are provided to give anindi-' the dispatchers oifice.

The relay 18 is a totalizing relay and is connected in series with theother relays, such as 1'2 and 36, corresponding to the meters that it isdesired to totalize. A condenser 40 is connected to the contacts ofrelay 18 to actuate the integrating meter 4-1 and the graphic meter 42in accordance with the total load. The meter 41 is also provided with anadditional commutator controllingl'the circuit of the locking relay 43throng the transformer i t. The locking circuit of the relay 4.3 iscontrolled by a'relay 45. When the switches 8, 16 and 30 reach thelowermost contact, a circuit is closed through the contacts of relay 43,the winding of relay 45., the switch 16, the reactance coils 15, theswitches 8 and 30 and relays 46 and 47 in parallel. The relays 46 and 47control the circuits of condensers 48 and 49, that are connected toactuate the meters 50 and 51 at substation A and similar meters atsubstation B in accordance with the total load, as recorded by the meter1-1 at the dispatchers oflice. n this manner, a totalizing meter in eachsubstation is operated over the same control trunk that is used fortransmitting substation load read cation of the load recorded by meter29 at ings to the dispatchers office.

In order to maintain the switches 8, 16 and 30 in synchronism,.a key 52is provided at the dispatchers oflice. This key controls the circuit ofthe latch magnets upon the respective switches so that, by momentarilydepressing this key, all of the switches may be brought intosynchronism. Upon the actuation of the key 52, a circuit is closed frombattery through the latch magnet 53 of the switch '16, and anothercircuit is closed from battery through the uppermost contact of theswitch 16, which is closed when the switch is in its latched position,the inductance coils 15, the switches 8 and 30 and the latch magnets 13and 81. In this manner, all of the switches are momentarily latched inthe same relative position, and upon the subsequent release of the key52, all of the switches rotate in exact synchronism.

While I have shown but one looking relay 6 for storing up the meterimpulses for subsequent transmission and. arrange to drive the switches8 so rapidly that there will never be more than one impulse during arevolution of a switch, I contemplate also,

in some instances, the use of various other expedients in common use inthe currentimpulse systems of the telegraph and automatic telephonearts. Thus, while the switch 8, as shown, may rotate at a rate ofd or 5revolutions persecond and the maximunr rate that impulses are producedby the meter 3 may be 2 or 3 per second, it is obvious that these valuesmay vary conslderably without departing from the scope of my invention.

relatively simple system for transmitting load indications or otherdesired quantities from a number of substations or separated points to acentral point, a single transmitting circuit being used for one or moresub? stations. Furthermore, the system embraces an improved method oftotalizing the load indications from several substations and providing arecord in each substation of the total system load utilizing the sameconnecting circuits over which the several load indications aretransmitted to the central ofiice.

I claim as my invention: p

1. A metering system comprising a plurality of separated substations,meters in said substation, a totalizing device in each substation, andmeans for actuating all of said totalizing devices in accordance withthe sum ofthe meter indications.

2. A metering system comprising a plurality of separated'substations, adispatchers ofiice, meters in said substations, a totalizing device ineach substation and in the dispatchers ofiice, and means for actuatingall of said totalizing devices in accordance with the sum of the meterindications.

3. A metering system comprising a plurality of substations, adisoatchers ofiice, meters in said substations, a'ci rcuit extendingfrom each substation to said oflice, totalizing meters in saidsubstations and said ofice, and means for actuating said totalizingmeters over said circuits in accordance with the sum of the readings ofthe first-- mentioned meters.

4. A. metering system comprising two separated electrical powerstations, a circuit connecting said stations, meters in each station,and means for actuating a meter at each station over said circuit inaccordance with predetermined loads. I

V 5. A metering system-comprising a substation and a dispatchersofii'ce, a circuit connecting said substation and ofiice, two

meters at the substation, a third meter at 71) The character andfrequency of the cur- 4 the dispatchers ofiice, means for actuating thelast-mentioned meter over said circuit in accordance with the operationof one of the first-mentioned meters, and means for actuating the otherof the first-mentioned meters over said circuit in accordance with theoperation of said third meter.

6. A metering system comprising a substation and a dispatchers ofiice, acircuit connecting said substation and office, a station-load meter anda totalizing meter at the substation, a totalizing meter at thedispatchers otfice, means for actuating the last-mentioned meter oversaid circuit in accordance with the operation of said stationload meter,and means for actuating the substation totalizing meter over saidcircuit in accordance with the operation of said dis- .patchers otiicetotalizing meter.

7. A metering system comprising a single circuit, two meters at oppositeends of said circuit, and means for operating both said meters over saidcircuit from the opposite ends thereof.

8. A metering system comprising a single circuit, a plurality of meters,and means for transmitting current impulses over said circuit to operatesaid meters successively to 1 either the same or a different extent.

9. A metering system comprising a plurality of meters, a locking relayfor each meter, a plurality of synchronously-driven switches, atotalizing relay, means including said switches for successivelyunlocking said relays and operating said totalizing relay, and atotalizing device controlled by said totalizing relay.

10. A metering system comprising a plurality of meters, a totalizinginstrument, means including synchronous'switches for successivelyassociating said meters with said instrument, and means forsynchronizing said switches.

11. A metering system comprising a plurality of impulse relays, atotalizing relay connected in series with all of said impulse relays,and a meter controlled by said totalizing relay.

12. A metering system comprising a pluv rality of impulse relays, atotalizing relay, condensers connected to the contacts of said relays,means including said relays for intermittently charging said condensers,and a plurality of meters actuated by the condenser currents.

13. A metering system comprising a plurality of individual meters, atotalizing meter, means connected to said individual meters foractuating said totalizing meter, a plurality of other meters, and meansconnected to said totalizing meter for actuating said other meters.

14. A metering system comprising a plurality of individual meters, atotalizing meter, a circuit from each of said individual meters to saidtotalizing meter, means for operating said totalizing meter over saidcircuits, a plurality of other meters, and means for operating saidother meters over said circuits. in accordance with the operation ofsaid totalizing meter.

15. A metering system comprising a plurality of substations, adispatche'rs ottice, \integrating and indicating meters at saidsubstations and oflice, means for actuating said meters at thedispatchers office to measure the instantaneous and the integratedsubstation and total system loads, and means for actuating the meters ateach substation in accordance with the total instantaneous andintegrated system load.

16. A. metering system comprising a plurality of substations, adispatchers oltice, circuits connecting the substations to said oifice,integrating and indicating meters at said substations and ofiice, meansfor actuating said meters at the dispatchers ofiice over said circuitsto measure the instantaneous and the integrated substation and totalsystem loads, and means for actuating the meters at. each substationover the same circuits in accordance with the total instantaneous andintegrated system load.

in testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 2nd day ofMay, 192* BENJAMIN H. SMlTH.

